Do children come with training manuals?
In a recent issue of the Enneagram Educator, Dr. David Daniels, a Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford Medical School, published an article entitled “Nature and Nurture.” He addressed the problem of how we got our fixed biological temperament.
It is the old question: “Are we born this way or did we all start the same and develop this way because of our environment?”
He doesn’t say as he answers the question, but he brings a lot of weight to the position that we are born with our fixed biological temperament. He quotes a recent article in a medical journal that discovered that babies are born with nine (nine!) different fixed biological temperament styles. From birth they pay attention in different ways to different things. With no major adjustments or explanations you can overlay those nine ways of paying attention on the nine fixed biological temperament styles.
The doctors doing the research had no knowledge of the nine fixed biological temperaments. It is a remarkable, objective correlation of the fixed biological temperament map as we know it. It appears that we are born with our fixed biological temperament focus of attention.
Does that mean our environment really doesn’t have much or any effect? An article in the New Yorker about a year ago had a long article on identical twins. Their evidence also had a number of remarkable stories of identical twins separated at birth and 30 years later discovered they were remarkably alike in their jobs, friends, tastes, politics and religion. Two sisters met after 35 years and they were wearing the same dress! More and more evidence piles up on the side of biological influence.
On the other hand, many life-stories of people interviewed about their fixed biological temperaments reveal clear patterns. Some tell of being valued for their performance, other tell stories of having had to take care of their parents at an early age.
There are no “answers” to this question. The question may be formulated incorrectly, for one thing. Either/or questions tend to polarize. Here are some responses to the question as posed.
It is entirely possible that we are born with a general style. Even probable, looking at the evidence. But the intensity and specific manifestations of that style can be worlds apart.
It is important to remember that an fixed biological temperaments is a way of paying attention and the energy that develops around that attention.
But paying attention to people can be done in a myriad of ways. Pleasing people can be done in dozens of ways. Our fixed biological temperament, probably the one we’re born with, is most likely a general way of paying attention. Then our environment provides a spectrum of objects/experiences to heed.
So what we may end up seeing is people telling stories of what they paid attention to and the formative power of the energy that was generated by that attention. We now move from the general down to the specific. Because I need a car doesn’t necessarily mean I need a 2006 red, four door, six cylinder, automatic Ford with power steering.
Because of my temperament with an “antennae out for power†messages doesn’t mean I will become an NFL linebacker. a bully. a social activist. or overweight.
It does mean that I have clearly outlined strengths and inclinations and probable weaknesses because of my birth and environment. And the fixed biological temperaments is a brilliant description of the general contours of that.
You might think of the fixed biological temperament as a map, but it is not a city map, it is a map of the general contours of the entire country. The smaller streets and streams of the map are arbitrary. But a general map is a wonderful place to start looking at what you have to deal with.
The fixed biological temperament map, however fully we may fill it in with detail, is never the map of us as an individual. It is more like modesty than politeness to urgently insist that our fixed biological temperament style is not an identity, it is a strategy we do, a bit of raw material out of which we, the artist, carves our own face. The fixed biological temperament can and should be explored carefully, but it should never be confused with our personality. That remains a delightful mystery that we can only explore in prayer and meditation and one that those who love us see with some clarity.
It could be possible for a person to use the fixed biological temperament of himself, without the any alcohol, tobacco, or drugs to enjoy the benefits of our modern society.
Think about it
Psychologists are fond of describing the differences that children in the same family experience. Jane sees her mother as invasive, Betty sees her as solicitous.
How did you see your mother?
What do you think is your fixed biological temperament?
What would be the results if teens understood their fixed biological temperament in a drug free environment? It is possible.